Shapie M. N. M. (1,2) & Hakim M. A. (1)
1. Fakulti Sains Sukan dan Rekreasi Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor
2. Pertubuhan Seni Gayung Fatani Malaysia
2. Pertubuhan Seni Gayung Fatani Malaysia
Abstract
The
purpose of this report is to study or find the relationship between the winning
and losing condition in 4 Pencak Silat Tanding at the 28th 2015 SEA
Games Singapore matches based on descriptive study. All notational taking are
using hand notational system by identify
14 different types of event performed by the 2 contestant from the beginning
and end of the action period. A freely accessible video recording of Vietnam silat matches in Sea Games Singapore 2015
from YouTube was utilized for investigation. The system used to identify 14 different types of
event performed by the 2 contestants as well as the start and end of action
periods. The table shows that
Malaysia pesilat produce low standard
error mean compare than their opponents. The data about the nature of the
activity performed within fight periods can be combined with the analysis done
by previous study to provide a detailed description of the demands of the sport
and assist in the development of specific training programmers. The approach
used here would be useful to apply to other sports whose work and rest periods
have been investigated to give a greater understanding of the type and
frequency of action within the work periods.
Introduction
Physical
fitness has always been inextricably linked to human existence in nature. It is
determined by various elements, above all by motor abilities, which can be
shaped and developed. Various forms
of time motion analyses have been used widely to estimate the nature of specific
intermittent high intensity and low intensity activities as they relate to the
energy requirements of team sports. Previous research notated the technique
used in defensive and offensive movements such as in mixed-martial arts
(Greenwood, 1977).
Research
that specifically describes the activity involved in silat that specifically
describes the activity that contributes to the physiological demands of this
combat sport is little nowadays. The nature of work periods within any combat
sports depends on the frequency, volume and type of the activity being
performed (Zago et al., 2015). The distribution of fight time and break time
has been determined in international silat competition in the previous research,
which indicated that 62.6% of the match is spent in fight time. In addition, a
single match contains 30.0 mean action periods with on average 15.3 s being performed
with break periods averaging 8.4 s (Shapie et. al., 2008). The work to rest
ratio of 2:1 in silat might be misinterpreted if people count the action
periods performed in silat in the same way as work periods in field games and
racket sports are interpreted. The nature of “purposeful movement” in team
games, rallies in racket sports and action periods in martial arts are very
different. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to describe the detail
activity that occurs during the fight time of a silat match, especially the
profile of technical events.
Materials
and method
Match analysis
A video recording that is publicly
available that shows two male silat match at the 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015
was used for analysis purposes. The first male match was a semi-final and final
of men tanding class B of the 55kg weight category. The second male match was a
semi-final and final of men tanding class E of the 70kg weight category. The
system was used to identify 14 different types of event performed by the two
contestants as well as the start and end of action periods.
Video were played at a slower rate
of 50% and shown in sequences that were repeated to allow an accurate
measurement of each of the offensive and defensive movement category. The video
were paused and played again to ease the analysis. Silat exponent motion was
subjectively categorized based on Shapie M.N.M. et al (2013) for silat
competition. Information could be entered into the computer system using a
‘Mouse’, via representation on the screen of the silat match. The commencement
and completion of each individual action period was notated using hand
notational.
Motion categories
In silat, movements are categorize into 14 different
silat exponent’s motion and are define a follow:
Punch:
The punch "tumbuk" assault is finished by a hand with a shut clench
hand hitting the objective. In silat punching is frequently used to battle the
adversary. It can be a straight punch 'tumbuk lurus' or uppercut
"sauk" to the type body.
Kick:
The kick 'tendang/terajang' is an assaulting development which is performed
with one leg or two legs at the same time. A kick can be gone for any objective.
It can be front kick " tendangdepan', side-kick "depak" or
semi-roundabout side kick 'tendang lengkar'.
Block:
The blocking developments start with the stance position 'sikap pasang': the
example stands straight with his hands around his body or hidden from plain
view. Blocking or repelling "tangkisan" should be possible utilizing
arms, elbows and legs with the reason to close off or striking back at any
assault.
Catch:
The catch "tangkapan" is finished by utilizing the hand to deter the
rival from doing an assault. The silat type can keep him from being assaulted
by indicating the assault which he has gotten another heading. A catch which
turns or drags the adversary is taboo.
Topple:
There are different methods for toppling down one's rival. Each fall is viewed
as legitimate the length of the silat example topples his adversary down
without wrestling or he can overwhelm the rival whom he has cut down.
Sweep:
Swiping "sapuan" includes assaulting an adversary's leg which is on
the ground to unstabilize him and convey down to the ground
Evade/Dodge:
The sidestep "elakan" procedure is completed by silat type when he
tries to dodge an assault. This strategy does not require the silat type to
touch the adversary in fighting off the assault.
Self-Release:
Self-discharge 'lepas tangkapan' method is a system to open any secure or catch
from a rival.
Block and Punch:
The blocking procedure is utilized to hinder any hand or leg assault from the
rival and took after by counter assault utilizing the hand to punch the rival.
Block and Kick:
The blocking method is utilized to hinder any hand or leg assault from the
adversary and took after by counter assault utilizing the leg to kick the
rival.
Block and Sweep:
The blocking strategy is utilized to obstruct any hand or leg assault from the
rival and took after by counter assault utilizing clearing system to the
adversary.
Fake Punch:
An activity which a silat example means to confound the adversary utilizing a fake
punch to break his rival's protective stance.
Fake Kick:
An activity which a silat example expects to confound the rival utilizing a
fake kick to break his rival protective stance.
Others:
Both silat examples are either in stance position 'sikap pasang' or approaching
each other utilizing silat step design 'pola langkah'. Every one of the
exercises is viewed as high power aside from others which around then both
silat types are in low force periods.
Statistical analysis
The
observation generated data will be frequency counted, a method of recording in
observational research in which the researcher records each occurrence clearly
defined behavior within a certain time frame. All the raw data generated by
hand notional then transferred into SPSS for more detailed analysis.
Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM Statistical Package for Social
Scientists (SPSS) Data Editor.
Result
Match
1 Pencak Silat Men Class E (Final) Vietnam vs Malaysia
Vietnam
(red)
Notation
|
Hit
Target
|
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Miss
Target
|
Not
Available
|
Total
|
Punch
|
10
|
5
|
0
|
0
|
15
|
Kick
|
9
|
8
|
11
|
0
|
28
|
Topple
|
0
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
Sweep
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Evade
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
Block
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Catch
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
Self
Release
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
25
|
25
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
8
|
Other
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
7
|
Total
|
28
|
24
|
11
|
42
|
105
|
Malaysia
(Blue)
Notation
|
Hit
Target
|
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Miss
Target
|
Not
Available
|
Total
|
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Kick
|
8
|
6
|
3
|
0
|
17
|
Topple
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Sweep
|
0
|
9
|
1
|
0
|
10
|
Evade
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
Block
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Catch
|
9
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
9
|
Self
Release
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
6
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
8
|
Other
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
Total
|
33
|
15
|
4
|
18
|
66
|
Group Statistics
|
|||||
group
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error Mean
|
|
score
|
Malaysia
|
4
|
17.5000
|
11.95826
|
5.97913
|
Vietnam
|
4
|
26.2500
|
12.76388
|
6.38194
|
Match 2 Pencak Silat Tanding Men Class E (Semi Final) Singapore vs Malaysia
Singapore
(Red)
Notation
|
Hit
Target
|
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Miss
Target
|
Not
Available
|
Total
|
Punch
|
3
|
2
|
6
|
0
|
11
|
Kick
|
1
|
7
|
15
|
0
|
23
|
Topple
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
Sweep
|
2
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
4
|
Evade
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
5
|
Block
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
6
|
Catch
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
Self
Release
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Block
& Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
11
|
11
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
3
|
Other
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
1
|
Total
|
26
|
9
|
22
|
29
|
86
|
Malaysia
(Blue)
Notation
|
Hit
Target
|
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Miss
Target
|
Not
Available
|
Total
|
Punch
|
2
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
7
|
Kick
|
0
|
9
|
8
|
0
|
17
|
Topple
|
1
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Sweep
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Evade
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
12
|
12
|
Block
|
8
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
Catch
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
8
|
Self
Release
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Block
& Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
6
|
Other
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
7
|
Total
|
22
|
11
|
14
|
29
|
76
|
Group
Statistics
|
|||||
group
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std.
Deviation
|
Std. Error
Mean
|
|
score
|
Malaysia
|
4
|
19.0000
|
8.12404
|
4.06202
|
Singapore
|
4
|
21.5000
|
8.81287
|
4.40643
|
Match 3
Pencak Silat Tanding Men Class B (Semi Final) Malaysia vs Vietnam
Malaysia
(Red)
Notation
|
Hit
Target
|
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Miss
Target
|
Not
Available
|
Total
|
Punch
|
7
|
0
|
2
|
0
|
9
|
Kick
|
0
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
Topple
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Sweep
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Evade
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
Block
|
4
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
Catch
|
7
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
8
|
Self
Release
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
Other
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
2
|
Total
|
30
|
4
|
4
|
7
|
45
|
Vietnam
(Blue)
Notation
|
Hit
Target
|
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Miss
Target
|
Not
Available
|
Total
|
Punch
|
9
|
6
|
3
|
0
|
18
|
Kick
|
2
|
6
|
2
|
0
|
10
|
Topple
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Sweep
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Evade
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Catch
|
2
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Self
Release
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
2
|
Block
& Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
Other
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
Total
|
18
|
14
|
5
|
9
|
46
|
Group
Statistics
|
|||||
group
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std.
Deviation
|
Std. Error
Mean
|
|
score
|
Malaysia
|
4
|
11.5000
|
5.68624
|
2.84312
|
Vietnam
|
4
|
11.2500
|
12.57975
|
6.28987
|
Match 4
Pencak Silat Tanding Men Class B (Final) Malaysia vs Thailand
Malaysia
(Blue)
Notation
|
Hit
Target
|
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Miss
Target
|
Not
Available
|
Total
|
Punch
|
6
|
3
|
4
|
0
|
13
|
Kick
|
1
|
4
|
2
|
0
|
7
|
Topple
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Sweep
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
5
|
Evade
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
Block
|
3
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
Catch
|
6
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
7
|
Self
Release
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
4
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
8
|
Other
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
8
|
8
|
Total
|
17
|
9
|
10
|
24
|
60
|
Thailand
(Red)
Notation
|
Hit
Target
|
Hit
Elsewhere
|
Miss
Target
|
Not
Available
|
Total
|
Punch
|
13
|
1
|
1
|
0
|
15
|
Kick
|
3
|
6
|
7
|
0
|
16
|
Topple
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Sweep
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Evade
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
3
|
Block
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Catch
|
1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
Self
Release
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
Block
& Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Block
& Sweep
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Fake
Kick
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
5
|
5
|
Fake
Punch
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
14
|
14
|
Other
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
16
|
16
|
Total
|
22
|
8
|
8
|
38
|
76
|
Group
Statistics
|
|||||
group
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std.
Deviation
|
Std. Error
Mean
|
|
score
|
Malaysia
|
4
|
19.0000
|
14.28286
|
7.14143
|
Thailand
|
4
|
15.0000
|
6.97615
|
3.48807
|
Discussion
Based on the results, for class E semifinal
and final match, Malaysia pesilat won
the match through topple and sweeping action with percentage of 8.57% and
12.86%. Even though the hit target for all 14 indicators for Malaysia pesilat on the semifinal match is much
lower than Singapore pesilat, but
Malaysia pesilat have higher hit on
target compare to it opponent from Vietnam. The standard error mean for the
Malaysia pesilat is low than his
opponent which is 5.97913 on the final match and 4.06202 on the semifinal
match. But compare to Men’s Class B, Malaysia pesilat have low margin of topple and sweeping action which about
6.42% and 3.12% on the semifinal and final match. The Malaysia pesilat also have higher margin of
standard mean error on the final match against the Thailand pesilat which about 7.14143 but the favor
of the game were given to the Malaysia pesilat
as the opponent from Thailand land a force error that injured the Malaysia pesilat and disqualified his opponent.
If the game is continue until the last round, The Thailand pesilat have higher chance of winning as his hit target percentage
for punching and kicking action is quite high with 21.07%.
Thus, beside from silat techniques
the results suggested successful silat exponents tended to demonstrate high
upper body isometric strength (catch) and power (punch and block) and superior
lower body strength and power (kicks), endurance (repetition of kicks) and
speed (kick velocity). Besides that, throwing (topple and sweep) show
significant result of winning in a match as it result more point to win like it
how Malaysia pesilat win based on the
result of Men’s Class E Semifinal and Final Match where he able to topple and
sweep his opponent multiple time with success. The need for limb speed for
kicking and punching, better co-ordination to evade strikes and also other
factors as aforementioned that influences movement patterns common to silat
competition need to be taken into consideration. Therefore, it is important to develop
skills that contribute to scoring points besides developing the metabolic
systems that involved in silat competition.
Conclusion
Post-event
analysis of hand notation indicates that the prototype system developed for
this study can be used to record and evaluate a silat match. This study
complemented with those of the broad work and rest study undertaken by Shapie
et al.. The current study has provided a great understanding of information for
the silat by looking at thea ctivity involved in competition. Both of the
exponents performed more high intensity actions than low intensity actions. However
it is important to understand that high intensity actions will contribute more
in the score points rather than low intensity actions.
There is also a range of frequency in attacking and defensive activities used by both of the exponents. The winner used more kicks than the loser which may reflect greater skill or fitness or both. However, it is still doubtful that these are the only factors that influence the match. It is recommended that future studies determine the full range of activities performed with movement classifications and the variation of strikes that contribute to losing and winning the match. The implication from a coaching perspective of the types and frequencies of strikes used would suggest that in training, a large proportion of time needs to be utilized in development of kicking and blocking as well as the conditioning of lower limbs in order to absorbs strikes and resist fatigue during a match to being able to defend and counter attack effectively.
References
Angleman, A. J., Shinzato, Y., Van Hasselt, V. B.,
& Russo, S. A. (2009). Traditional
martial arts versus modern self-defense training for women: Some comments. Aggression and Violent
Behavior, 14(2), 89-93. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2008.12.001
Del Estal, A., Brito, C. J., Galindo, V. E., Lopez
Diaz de Durana, A., Franchini, E., &
Sillero-Quintana, M. (2017). Thermal asymmetries in striking combat sports athletes
measured by infrared thermography. Science & Sports, 32(2), e61-e67. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2016.09.005
Falco, C., Alvarez, O., Castillo, I., Estevan, I.,
Martos, J., Mugarra, F., et al. (2009). Influence of the distance in a
roundhouse kick's execution time and impact force in taekwondo. Journal of Biomechanics,
42(3), 242-248. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.10.041
James, L. P., Robertson, S., Haff, G. G., Beckman, E.
M., & Kelly, V. G. (2017). Identifying
the performance characteristics of a winning outcome in elite mixed martial
arts competition. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(3), 296-301.
doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2016.08.001
Jemili, H., Mejri, M. A., Sioud, R., Bouhlel, E.,
& Amri, M. (2017). Changes in muscle activity during karate
guiaku-zuki-punch and kiza-mawashi-guiri-kick after specific training in elite
athletes. Science & Sports, 32(2), 73-81. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2016.11.002
Lakes, K. D., Bryars, T., Sirisinahal, S., Salim, N., Arastoo,
S., Emmerson, N., et al. (2013). The healthy for life taekwondo pilot study: A
preliminary evaluation of effects on executive function and bmi, feasibility,
and acceptability. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 6(3), 181-188. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2013.07.002
Negahban, H., Aryan, N., Mazaheri, M., Norasteh, A. A.,
& Sanjari, M. A. (2013). Effect
of expertise in shooting and taekwondo on bipedal and unipedal postural control
isolated or concurrent with a reaction-time task. Gait & Posture, 38(2),
226-230. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.11.016
Nguyen, D.-M., Laffont, I., & Dupeyron, A. (2016).
Martials arts use in physical and rehabilitation
medicine: Literature review and perspectives. An journals of Physical and
Rehabilitation Medicine, 59, Supplement, e55-e56. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rehab.2016.07.128
Nien, Y. H., Chang, J. S., & Tang, W. T. (2006). The comparison of kinematics characteristics between single and successive kicking techniques
for the taekwondo player with an
olympic medal: A case study. Journal of Biomechanics, 39, Supplement 1, S563.
doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(06)85323-6
Pencak Silat Tanding Men’s Class E Semi-final Malaysia
vs Singapore (Day 8) | 28th SEA Games Singapore2015
SingaporeSportshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HYjO_ATIeBI
Pencak Silat Tanding Men's Class E Final Vietnam vs
Malaysia (Day 9) | 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015 SingaporeSports -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TogWi7jsKcU
Pencak Silat Tanding Men’s Class B Semi-final MAS vs
VIE (Day 8) | 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015 SingaporeSports https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oZVRSn_Vq68
Pencak Silat Tanding Men’s Class B Final THA vs MAS
(Day 9) | 28th SEA Games Singapore 2015SingaporeSports -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TP91oJ2epiM
Reifel Saltzberg, J., Hondzinski, J. M., & Flanders,
M. (2001). Humans adapt the initial
posture in learning a whole-body kicking movement. Neuroscience Letters, 306(1–2), 73-76. doi:
http://doi.org/10.1016/S03043940(01)01875-4
Reishehrei, A. P., Reishehrei, A. p., & Soleimani,
E. (2014). A comparison study of self
concept and self efficacy in martial arts and non martial arts athletics in iran. Procedia – Social and
Behavioral Sciences, 116, 5025-5029. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.1067
Shapie, M. M., Oliver, J., O’Donoghue, P., & Tong,
R. (2013). Activity profile during action time in national silat competition.
Journal of Combat Sports and Martial Arts,
4(1), 75-79. doi:10.5604/20815735.1073630
Thibordee, S., & Prasartwuth, O. (2014).
Effectiveness of roundhouse kick in elite taekwondo athletes. Journal of
Electromyography and Kinesiology, 24(3), 353-358. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2014.02.002
Vences Brito, A. M., Rodrigues Ferreira, M. A.,
Cortes, N., Fernandes, O., & Pezarat-Correia, P. (2011). Kinematic and
electromyographic analyses of a karate punch. Journal of Electromyography and
Kinesiology, 21(6), 1023-1029. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2011.09.007
Zago, M., Mapelli, A., Shirai, Y. F., Ciprandi, D.,
Lovecchio, N., Galvani, C., et al.(2015).
Dynamic balance in elite karateka. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology,
25(6), 894-900. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2015.10.002
Zhang, W., Liu, Z., Zhou, L., Leung, H., & Chan,
A. B. (2017). Martial arts, dancing and sports dataset: A challenging stereo
and multi-view dataset for 3d human
pose estimation. Image and Vision Computing, 61, 22-39. doi: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2017.02.002
No comments:
Post a Comment